10 Common Repairs Every Homeowner Should Know How to Handle

by Sheri Espinosa

Owning a home is one of the most rewarding milestones in life, but it also comes with its share of responsibilities. Repairs are an inevitable part of homeownership, and while you don’t need to be a professional handyman, knowing how to handle some of the most common issues can save you both time and money. Here’s an in-depth look at 10 essential repairs every homeowner should master.

1. Unclogging Drains

Why it matters: Blocked sinks, showers, or toilets are among the most common and inconvenient household issues.

How to handle it:

Start with a plunger to remove minor blockages. Create a tight seal and use firm, quick motions.
For stubborn clogs, use a plumber’s snake or a drain auger to break up debris further down the pipe.
Prevent future clogs by installing mesh drain covers and routinely flushing drains with a mix of baking soda and vinegar followed by hot water.

When to call a professional: If multiple drains are clogged simultaneously, it could signal a larger issue with your sewer line.

2. Fixing a Running Toilet

Why it matters: A running toilet wastes water—up to 200 gallons per day—and increases your utility bills.

How to handle it:

Open the toilet tank and check if the flapper valve is sealing properly. Over time, flappers can degrade and fail to create a watertight seal.
Adjust the float arm if the water level is too high.
If necessary, replace the fill valve or flush mechanism; these parts are inexpensive and readily available at hardware stores.

When to call a professional: If replacing the components doesn’t resolve the issue, there may be a more complex problem with your plumbing system.

3. Patching Drywall Holes

Why it matters: Holes and dents in drywall can detract from your home’s appearance and make it look poorly maintained.

How to handle it:

For nail holes or minor dents, use a pre-mixed spackling compound. Apply with a putty knife, let dry, and sand smooth.
Larger holes (1-4 inches) require a drywall patch. Attach the patch, apply joint compound, sand, and paint.
For extensive damage, cut out the affected area, attach a drywall piece, and finish with tape and compound.

When to call a professional: For large sections of damaged drywall or ceiling repairs, it’s best to hire a contractor.

4. Replacing Light Fixtures

Why it matters: A broken or outdated light fixture can diminish a room’s functionality and aesthetic appeal.

How to handle it:

Turn off the power at the circuit breaker. Use a voltage tester to confirm no current is running through the wires.
Carefully remove the old fixture, disconnect the wiring, and connect the new fixture according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Secure the fixture, turn the power back on, and test.

When to call a professional: If the fixture installation requires changes to the electrical wiring or if you’re unsure about handling electrical components.

5. Resetting Tripped Circuit Breakers

Why it matters: Tripped breakers can cut power to sections of your home, disrupting daily life.

How to handle it:

Locate your breaker box and identify the switch that has flipped to the “off” or neutral position.
Reset it by turning it fully off and then back on.
Note the cause—overloaded circuits or faulty appliances are common culprits.

When to call a professional: If the breaker trips repeatedly, you may need an electrician to evaluate the circuit.

6. Caulking Gaps Around Windows and Doors

Why it matters: Proper caulking prevents drafts, reduces energy bills, and protects against water damage.

How to handle it:

Remove old caulk with a utility knife or scraper.
Clean the area to remove dust or residue.
Apply a fresh bead of caulk with a caulking gun, using smooth, consistent pressure. Finish by smoothing the caulk with a damp finger or tool.

When to call a professional: If the gaps are larger than expected or if windows and doors need realignment.

7. Fixing a Leaky Faucet

Why it matters: Dripping faucets waste water and can lead to higher utility bills.

How to handle it:

Turn off the water supply beneath the sink.
Disassemble the faucet and inspect washers, seals, or cartridges for wear.
Replace damaged components, reassemble the faucet, and test for leaks.

When to call a professional: If the issue persists or involves hidden plumbing components.

8. Replacing Air Filters in HVAC Systems

Why it matters: Dirty air filters reduce HVAC efficiency and can compromise indoor air quality.

How to handle it:

Locate the air filter compartment in your HVAC system.
Remove the old filter and note its size.
Install a new filter, ensuring it is oriented correctly (follow the airflow arrow).

When to call a professional: If the system continues to underperform despite regular filter changes.

9. Touching Up Paint

Why it matters: Paint touch-ups can freshen up a room and maintain the overall appeal of your home.

How to handle it:

Match the paint color exactly. If you don’t have leftover paint, most hardware stores can match it using a sample.
Use a small brush or roller to apply paint over chips or scuffs.
Blend the edges for a smooth transition.

When to call a professional: For large-scale painting projects or intricate areas like crown molding.

10. Maintaining Gutters

Why it matters: Clogged gutters can lead to roof leaks, foundation damage, and landscaping erosion.

How to handle it:

Use a ladder to access the gutters and remove debris by hand or with a scoop.
Flush the gutters with a garden hose to clear any remaining dirt or blockages.
Inspect for leaks or loose sections and repair as needed.

When to call a professional: If gutters are severely damaged or require a full replacement.

Final Thoughts

Owning a home doesn’t mean you need to be a DIY expert, but learning these essential repairs can make your life easier, help you avoid costly service calls, and protect your investment. Keep a basic toolkit on hand, watch online tutorials for guidance, and know when it’s time to call in the pros.

For more tips on home maintenance and repairs, or if you’re thinking about buying or selling a home, contact The Espinosa Group today!